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E3 Research
The reported health benefits of AFA have been available for more than two decades, and the scientific studies conducted during this time have revealed the mechanisms by which AFA acts on the body, and the potential health benefits these may offer individuals.
Improves * Strengthens * Increases * Enhances * Supports * Protects
Strengthens
* E3Live AFA may have a role in assisting both the circulation and function of immune cells in humans.
Summation: NK cells have the ability to recognize cells that are cancerous or have been infected by a virus. The strategy used by NK cells is a drastic one - they directly approach cancerous or virally-infected cells and release strong free radicals in their immediate environment. The free radicals create a hole in the cell, and the cell then dies. Consumption of a moderate amount (1.5 grams) of the AFA results in rapid changes in immune cell trafficking. Within two hours after consuming AFA, an average of 40% of the blood NK cells (1 billion) left the bloodstream and migrated into the tissues, where their main function is to perform immune surveillance and eliminate cancerous and virally-infected cells.
No other substance is known to trigger such a movement of NK cells in the body.
1) Gitta S. Jensen, PhD., Donald I. Ginsberg, M.S., Christian Drapeau, M.S. Blue-Green Algae as an Immuno-Enhancer and Biomodulator JANA Winter 2001 Vol. 3 No.4: (24 - 30).
2)Jensen GS, Ginsberg DI, Huerta P, Citton M, Drapeau C (2000) Consumption of Aphanizomenon flos aquae has rapid effects on the circulation and function of immune cells in humans. A novel approach to nutritional mobilization of the immune system. JANA vol. 2 (3): 50-58.
Supports
* E3Live may offer the body an additional source of antioxidant assistance
Summation: The results presented in this report indicate that food sources that yield chlorophyll derivatives may play a role in antioxidant activity, which has been linked to cancer prevention – E3Live contains more chlorophyll than almost any other food on Earth.
Chernomorsky S, Segelman A, Poretz RD. (1999) Effect of dietary chlorophyll derivatives on mutagenesis and tumor cell growth. Teratog Carcinog Mutagen.19(5):313-22.
Summation: The results of this research indicate that cultured blue-green algae may represent a novel source of compounds that inhibit RT activity, including that of HIV-1.
Lau AF, Siedlecki J, Anleitner J, Patterson GM, Caplan FR, Moore RE.
Inhibition of reverse transcriptase activity by extracts of cultured blue-green algae (cyanophyta)
Cancer Research Center, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Honolulu 96813.
Protects
* E3Live possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties
Summation: This is one of the first reports on the 'scavenging' antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of c-phycocyanin – E3Live is a source of c-phycocyanin.
1) Romay C, Ledon N, Gonzalez R (1998) Further studies on anti-inflammatory activity of phycocyanin in some animal models of inflammation. Inflamm Res. 47(8):334-8.
2) Romay C, Armesto J, Remirez D, Gonzalez R, Ledon N, Garcia I Pharmacology Department, National Center for Scientific Research, CNIC, Havana, Cuba.
* E3Live may assist in supporting cognitive functions
Summation: Several case studies have presented evidence that AFA appears to noticably reverse the progression of Alzheimer's condition, aiding in mental and emotional functioning. Since those initial studies, thousands of seniors have reported success using AFA on a daily basis.
Cousens, G. Report of Treatment of Alzheimer's condition with Aphanizomenon flos-aquae, Orthomedicine, (Winter/Spring), Vol. 8, No. 1-2, 1985
Improves
Summation: At the other end of the age spectrum, a three-month controlled study of 31 children (enrolled in a special reading program) who were given AFA on a daily basis yielded results that included significant, measurable improvements in behavioral traits, memory recall, concentration, classroom attendance records, and an overall reduction in physical symptoms and complaints.
Bruno, J., Gittelman, J., and Tucheld, B. Improved Cognition, Behavior and Health in Children Eating Blue Green Algae. Submitted for publication, 1998
Enhances
* E3Live may assist in supporting mind-body functions that involve stress management and mental development
Summation: A Harvard University study that involved feeding AFA to 140 children with various learning and behavioural problems demonstrated that eating AFA clearly had a notably positive outcome in those areas of concern for a vast majority of the study sample, including: improvements in social skills, concentration, memory, focus, alertness, energy, stress management, and digestion; a reduction in anti-social behaviour, anxiety, depression, emotional withdrawl, fatigue, allergies, mood swings, constipation and other physical ailments.
Jarratt, C., et al, The Children and Algae Report, The Center for Family Wellness, Harvard, MA, 1997
Increases
Summation: This study involved 1,482 students in Nicaragua who had AFA added to their diets – aside from qualitative observations concerning hair, skin and general health improvements (along with social and interactive skills), quantifiable results included significant increases in classroom participation and attendance, and major improvements in the children's academic scores and standardized test results.
Sevulla I., and Aguiree, N. Study On The Effects Of Super Blue Green Algae, Universidad Centro Americana, Nicaragua, 1995
Summation of scientific publications on Aphanizomenon flos aquae:
* Gitta S. Jensen, PhD., Donald I. Ginsberg, M.S., Christian Drapeau, M.S. Blue-Green Algae as an Immuno-Enhancer and Biomodulator JANA Winter 2001 Vol. 3 No.4: (24 - 30). (Read the full article)
* Jensen GS, Ginsberg DI, Huerta P, Citton M, Drapeau C (2000) Consumption of Aphanizomenon flos aquae has rapid effects on the circulation and function of immune cells in humans. A novel approach to nutritional mobilization of the immune system. JANA vol. 2 (3): 50-58. (Read abstract)
* Kushak RI, Drapeau C, Van Cott EM, Winter HH (2000) Favorable effects of blue-green algae Aphanizomenon flos-aquae on rat plasma lipids. JANA vol. 2 (3): 59-65. (Read abstract)
* Lahitova N, Doupovcova M, Zvonar J, Chandoga J, Hocman G (1994) Antimutagenic properties of fresh-water blue-green algae. Folia Microbiol (Praha), 39(4), pp. 301-3. (Read abstract)
Summation of scientific publications on nutrients found in Aphanizomenon flos aquae:
Phycocyanin
* Romay C, Armesto J, Remirez D, Gonzalez R, Ledon N, Garcia I (1998) Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of C-phycocyanin from blue-green algae. Inflamm. Res. 47: 36-41. (Read abstract)
* Romay C, Ledon N, Gonzalez R (1998) Further studies on anti-inflammatory activity of phycocyanin in some animal models of inflammation. Inflamm Res. 47(8):334-8. (Read abstract)
* Gonzalez R, Rodriguez S, Romay C, Ancheta O, Gonzalez A, Armesto J, Remirez D, Merino N (1999) Anti-inflammatory activity of phycocyanin extract in acetic acid-induced colitis in rats. Pharmacol Res 39(1):55-9. (Read abstract)
* Vadiraja BB, Gaikwad NW, Madyastha KM (1998) Hepatoprotective effect of C-phycocyanin: protection for carbon tetrachloride and R-(+)-pulegone-mediated hepatotoxicty in rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 249(2):428-31. (Read abstract)
Chlorophyll
* Dashwood R, Negishi T, Hayatsu H, Breinholt V, Hendricks J, Bailey G. (1998) Chemopreventive properties of chlorophylls towards aflatoxin B1: a review of the antimutagenicity and anticarcinogenicity data in rainbow trout. Mutat Res. 399(2):245-53. Review. (Read abstract)
* Chernomorsky S, Segelman A, Poretz RD. (1999) Effect of dietary chlorophyll derivatives on mutagenesis and tumor cell growth. Teratog Carcinog Mutagen.19(5):313-22. (Read abstract)
Carotenoids
* Mayne ST. (1996) Beta-carotene, carotenoids, and disease prevention in humans. FASEB J. 10(7):690-701. (Read abstract)
* Shaish, A., Daugherty, A., O'Sullivan, F., Schonfeld, G., and Heinecke, J.W. (1995) Beta-carotene inhibits atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. J Clin Invest 96:2075-2082. (Read abstract)
* Pryor WA, Stahl W, Rock CL (2000) Beta carotene: from biochemistry to clinical trials. Nutr Rev 58(2 Pt 1):39-53. (Read abstract)
* Wang XD, Russell RM. Procarcinogenic and anticarcinogenic effects of beta-carotene. Nutr Rev 57(9 Pt 1):263-72. (Read abstract)
* Tavani A, La Vecchia C (1999) Beta-carotene and risk of coronary heart disease. A review of observational and intervention studies. Biomed Pharmacother 53(9):409-16. (Read abstract)
* Garewal, HS, et al., (1995) Emerging role of beta-carotene and antioxidant nutrients in prevention of oral cancer, Archives of Otolaryngology 121(2):141-144. (Read abstract)
Polyunsaturated fatty acids
* Oomen CM, Feskens EJ, Rasanen L, Fidanza F, Nissinen AM, Menotti A, Kok FJ, Kromhout D. (2000) Fish consumption and coronary heart disease mortality in Finland, Italy and The Netherlands. Am J Epidemiol. 151(10):999-1006. (Read abstract)
* von Schacky C. (2000) n-3 fatty acids and the prevention of coronary atherosclerosis. Am J Clin Nutr. 71(1 Suppl):224S-7S. (Read abstract)
* Bruinsma KA, Taren DL. (2000) Dieting, essential fatty acid intake, and depression. Nutr Rev. 58(4):98-108. (Read abstract)
* Edwards R, Peet M, Shay J, Horrobin D. (1998) Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels in the diet and in red blood cell membranes of depressed patients. J Affect Disord. 48(2-3):149-55. (Read abstract)
* Burgess JR, Stevens L, Zhang W, Peck L (2000) Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Am J Clin Nutr 71(1 Suppl):327S-30S. (Read abstract)
* Ziboh VA, Miller CC, Cho Y. (2000) Metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids by skin epidermal enzymes: generation of antiinflammatory and antiproliferative metabolites. Am J Clin Nutr. 71(1 Suppl):361S-6S. (Read abstract)
* Ziboh VA. (1989) Implications of dietary oils and polyunsaturated fatty acids in the management of cutaneous disorders. Arch Dermatol. 125(2):241-5 (Read abstract)
* Goodfellow J, Bellamy MF, Ramsey MW, Jones CJ, Lewis MJ. (2000) Dietary supplementation with marine omega-3 fatty acids improve systemic large artery endothelial function in subjects with hypercholesterolemia. J Am Coll Cardiol 35(2):265-70. (Read abstract)
* Calder PC (1998) Immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Braz J Med Biol Res 31(4):467-90. (Read abstract)
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